ASsignment in Science

Epiglottis It's a flap that covers the opening to your lungs while you're swallowing so you don't inhale food. . Coughing When you cough you are either releasing mucous or germs or some other Irritant In the lungs. E. Incomplete rings of Trachea Prevent the trachea and bronchioles from collapsing and closing up. F. Fat and protein film lining the Inner wall of the alveoli Surfactant In the alveoli causes them to effectively stay open during the whole respiration/breathing process.When there is lack of surfactant the alveoli can collapse on themselves causing less surface area for gas exchange, hence causing breathing difficulties/shortness of breath due to the decreased ability for oxygen exchange. G. Pleura& lymph between he two layers They play a critical role In immunological responses in both local and systemic diseases. It is positioned to respond to inflammatory changes in the lung permanency. The pleura functions not only as a mechanical barrier, but also as an Immunological a nd metabolically responsive membrane that is Involved in maintaining a dynamic homeostasis in the pleural space. . Rib cage The rib cage are a set of bones radiating from the Thoracic region of the vertebral column (not to be confused with the vertebral cord which is located inside the vertebral column). These bones are the ribs and sternum (or breast bone). They form a cage like structure around the very delicate organs such as the heart and the lungs. Not only do they protect these organs, but they also support them, keeping them In place. Without the rib cage, your organs would all fall out of place. 2014 Grade and Section: Aphrodite Instructor: Mr. Eugene Vernal 1 OFF 2.How does the internal respiration differ from the external respiration? External respiration is the exchange of gases between the alveoli and lung capillaries. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood, while carbon dioxide moves from the blood in the alveoli. Internal respiration, in contrast, is the excha nge of gases in body tissues 3. What is a Third Hand Smoke? Third hand smoke is generally considered to be residual nicotine and other chemicals left on a variety of indoor surfaces by tobacco smoke. 4.What are some of the diseases caused by smoking? Cardiovascular Diseases- the main cause of death due to smoking. Hardening of the arteries is a process that develops over years, when cholesterol and other fats deposit in the arteries, leaving them narrow, blocked or rigid. When the arteries narrow (atherosclerosis), blood clots are likely to form. Cancer- Smokers are more keel to get cancer than non-smokers. This is particularly true of lung cancer, throat cancer and mouth cancer, which hardly ever affect non-smokers.Lung Diseases- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COOP) is a collective term for a group of conditions that block airflow and make breathing more difficult. 5. Explain the mechanisms of breathing in human. Mechanisms of breathing inspiration When you breathe in: inte rcessor muscles between the ribs contract, pulling the chest walls up and teethe diaphragm muscle below the lungs contracts and flattens, increasing the size of the chest the lungs increase in size, so the pressure inside hem falls. This causes air to rush in through the nose or mouth.Mechanisms of breathing expiration When you breathe out: Intercessor muscles between the ribs relax so that the chest walls move in and down. The diaphragm muscle below the lungs relaxes and bulges up, reducing the size of the chest. The lungs decrease in size, so the pressure inside increases and air is pushed up the trachea and out through the nose or mouth. 2014 Grade and Section: 9-Aphrodite 6. Why are lungs considered as both respiratory as well as excretory organs? Lungs are the main organ of the respiratory system where gas exchange takes place. F something. . Name 2 Respiratory Diseases. How can they be prevented, detected and treated Names of the Respiratory Diseases How can they Prevented How can they Detected (What are the symptoms) How can they be Treated a. Lung Cancer -Don't smoke. -Stop smoking -Avoid second hand smoke Test -Avoid carcinogens at work -Eat a diet full of fruits and vegetables. -a cough that doesn't go away after two or three weeks. -a long-standing cough that gets worse. -persistent chest infections. -coughing up blood. -an ache or pain when breathing or coughing. -persistent breathlessness. 1 .Non small cell lung cancer can be treated with surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or a combination of these, depending on the stage when the cancer is diagnosed. Some people with advanced lung cancer may have biological therapy. There is information below about the treatment of non-small cell cancer by stage. B. Asthma -Learn about your asthma and ways to control it. – Use medicines as your doctor prescribes. -Get regular check-ups for your asthma. Asthma symptoms, which include coughing, wheezing, and chest tightness, are common in an asthma attack. -Medicines -Follow an Asthma Action Plan -Record Your Symptoms